Revenge of the Killer Genre :: Quentin Tarantino John Cawelti Films Essays

Revenge of the grampus Genre After years of repeated thematic motifs and unchanging, stereotypical characters, snaps within a genre often dawdle their vitality. The conventions become predictable and the underlying romance becomes boring and banal. The innovative director will seek to revitalize a touristed myth through a generic transformation (Cawelti 520). This essay shall demonstrate how Quentin Tarantino borrows a traditional myth from the mobster genre, subverts it and subsequently installs a new, unorthodox myth in its place. The end dissolving agent is a new causa of lead that reaches beyond the established confines of the gangster genre. As with Arthur Penns Bonnie and Clyde, the radical innovations include in Pulp allegory make it hard to situate the film within mainstream cinema it is, as John Cawelti would agree, difficult to know what to call this type of film. While Penns film and Tarantinos Pulp Fiction clearly acknowledge the conventions of the gangster gen re, it is only as a point of departure. Tarantino introduces enigmatic characters and complex incongruities which confidence to successfully remove his film from the conventions of a traditional popular genre (Cawelti 505). Cawelti describes the myth within the gangster film as affirming the limits of individual aggression and vehemence ... showing how violence evokes its own needed doom (Cawelti 516). In Pulp Fiction and Bonnie and Clyde, the directors subvert the traditional elements and the traditional mythical world ... (Cawelti 505) is confounded. Thus mystify the generic transformations. The directors thoroughly debase the traditional myths and in effect replace them with myths of their own construction. The complexities of structure, character and theme within Pulp Fiction exceed the conventional boundaries of the gangster genre and the myths commonly associated with gangster films become inadequate. The narrative leads to non-romanticized situations and characters that appear too realistic to be contained within the inadequate boundaries of the gangster myth (Cawelti 510). Here then, Tarantino is effectively exposing the inadequacies of the gangster myth. The myth of the gangster is exposure by first firmly establishing the conventional gangster persona. Within the gangster environment, a darkened night night club for example, the gangster looks the part low-spirited suit, jewellery, sunglasses and the inevitable guns construct the image of menace. So too do his mannerisms, the gangster is a cocky, self-assured tough guy. The romance within the film entitle The Bonnie Situation, provides an example an undermined gangster myth. Here, the two gangsters, Jules and Vincent, must retrieve and deliver a package that has been stolen.Revenge of the Killer Genre Quentin Tarantino John Cawelti Films EssaysRevenge of the Killer Genre After years of repeated thematic motifs and unchanging, stereotypical characters, films within a genre often lose their vitality. The conventions become predictable and the underlying myth becomes boring and banal. The innovative director will seek to revitalize a popular myth through a generic transformation (Cawelti 520). This essay shall demonstrate how Quentin Tarantino borrows a traditional myth from the gangster genre, subverts it and subsequently installs a new, unorthodox myth in its place. The end result is a new type of film that reaches beyond the established confines of the gangster genre. As with Arthur Penns Bonnie and Clyde, the radical innovations included in Pulp Fiction make it hard to situate the film within mainstream cinema it is, as John Cawelti would agree, difficult to know what to call this type of film. While Penns film and Tarantinos Pulp Fiction clearly acknowledge the conventions of the gangster genre, it is only as a point of departure. Tarantino introduces enigmatic characters and complex incongruities which combine to successfully remove his film from the conventions of a traditional popular genre (Cawelti 505). Cawelti describes the myth within the gangster film as affirming the limits of individual aggression and violence ... showing how violence evokes its own inevitable doom (Cawelti 516). In Pulp Fiction and Bonnie and Clyde, the directors subvert the traditional elements and the traditional mythical world ... (Cawelti 505) is confounded. Thus begin the generic transformations. The directors thoroughly undermine the traditional myths and effectively replace them with myths of their own construction. The complexities of structure, character and theme within Pulp Fiction exceed the conventional boundaries of the gangster genre and the myths commonly associated with gangster films become inadequate. The narrative leads to non-romanticized situations and characters that appear too realistic to be contained within the inadequate boundaries of the gangster myth (Cawelti 510). Here then, Tarantino is effectively exposing the inadequacies of the ga ngster myth. The myth of the gangster is exposure by first firmly establishing the conventional gangster persona. Within the gangster environment, a darkened night club for example, the gangster looks the part black suit, jewellery, sunglasses and the inevitable guns construct the image of menace. So too do his mannerisms, the gangster is a cocky, self-assured tough guy. The story within the film titled The Bonnie Situation, provides an example an undermined gangster myth. Here, the two gangsters, Jules and Vincent, must retrieve and deliver a package that has been stolen.

What is life without ignorance? :: essays research papers

What is life without Suffering?We completely suffer from being ignorant. Is it possible to terminal your ignorance? According to the Buddhist system it is. It is possible to end your ignorance and all personal desire to eventually become enlightened and reach Nirvana, which is utter peace. Ending your ignorance will in turn end unworthy. The Buddha taught that there were many natural occurrences that led up to ignorance and that we all are capable of liberating ourselves from. It is true that we all leave desires that our unmet and it causes problems in our lives. It is also true that the orbit is full of hunger, war, death, and over all misery and pain. But what would our human being be without problems. If we all were enlightened and free of all our ignorance then our lives and world would be fabulously boring and uneventful. We dont like having problems and challenges but our lives are about working through problems and overcoming and learning. Ignorance does cause many p roblems but knowing everything about our world can often bring you down instead of up. Losing ignorance is very important in maturing and evolving as a person but losing your ignorance is not the end to all your suffering. There is no end to suffering, there are breaks but there is no end.According to the bandits theory life is full of misery and pain. Everything we have and desire brings some sort of pain to our lives. We fear losing what we have and we always want more. Buddhists believe we all are born with this feeling and that we all cling to objects in this world for enjoyment. We all have a lot of natural desires because we are all human beings with brains, senses, and feelings. All of this makes us get impressions of what we want, what we want to be, and what we think should happen. This causes us all to have some ignorance to many different things and ideas. It is correct that our lives are full of misery and pain. We also are all ignorant, but having ignorance and some su ffering in your life is what makes our world what it is, it is what makes our lives interesting. The problems and obstacles that we have in our lives help us change and help us grow. If you eliminate all of your problems and all your desires, what do you have to live for?

International Adoption Essay -- Adoption Adopting Children Family Essa

The birth of a girl has never been a form for celebration in China, andstories ofpeasant farmers drowning newborn girls in buckets of water have beencommonplace forcenturies. Now, however, as a direct result of the one-child policy, thenumber of babygirls be abandoned, aborted, or dumped on orphanage steps isunprecedented.Adopting InternationallyAdoption is procedure by which people legally assume the role of p atomic number 18ntsfor aperson who is non their biological child. Adopted children give way fullmembers oftheir claimed family and have the same legal status as biological children.Althoughthe majority of people who adopt are married couples, many single peoplealso adopt.Many people seek to adopt when they discover that they cannot give birth tobiological children. Others adopt children to conduce new members to a familythatincludes biological children. Many people adopt simply to give a home andfamily tochildren who might not otherwise have them. Likewise, children beco meavailable for espousal for a variety of reasons. Some children are orphans. Somebiologicalparents make arrangements for their children to be adopted because theycannot carefor them due to illness or personal problems. Other children are abandonedby theirbiological parents (Adoption, CD-ROM).Adoption is a common practice throughout the world and throughout history.However, laws regulating adoption vary from country to country. Peopleseeking toadopt in a country other than the one in which they live, a process known asinternational adoption, should familiarize themselves with the laws of thatcountry.Similarly, although e rattling province recognizes adoption, provincial lawsregardingspecific aspects of adoption vary.INTERNATIONAL ADOPTIONA significant number of people seek to adopt children from other countries,aprocess known as international adoption. People seek to adopt abroad formany1reasons. Many people indispensableness to adopt an infant or a very young child. Somealsohope t o adopt children who share their ethnic heritage. Such prospectiveparents whitethornfind a shortage of suitable children available for adoption in Canada.Publicityregarding the availability of infants in a particular country alsoencourages close topeople to seek to adopt there. Many people adopt abroad because ofanxietiesregarding d... ...at all, the letter read.Ourinvestigations confirm that those reports are vicious fabrications made outof ulteriormotives. The pathetic lie about Chinas welfare work in orphanagescannot butarouse the indignation of the Chinese people, especially the great number ofsocialworkers who are workings hard for childrens welfare.(Adoption, CD-ROM).The day after the program was shown, questions were raised in the House ofCommons about Chinas one-child policy and its dying rooms. Predictably,however, noone has raised the give in of providing massive aid for a collapsed andfamine-riddenChina in the event of its population rising to, say, 2.4 billion if th isgeneration is allowed tohave two children per family.We dont want to criticize the one-child policy, says Dr. Blewett. providedwe wantto focus on the problems it is causing which can be solved. The documentaryfeatures atour of a privately run, locally funded orphanage where the children arehappy, healthy,and loved. We were very keen to show what can be done with the rightattitude, saysBlewett. No child should suffer the kind of neglect we filmed. (Hilditch,World WidePress).

Evolution versus Creationism in the American School System Essay

Evolution versus Creationism in the American School SystemGod God God My ears were ringing from my fathers latest lecture.He wasnt very consistent with his church attendance, so I primarilylearned about the ways of Christianity through his own instruction. Thislesson pertained to our intromission. He described how God, after his six-daycreation binge, formed the first man, Adam, from dust, and the first woman,Eve, from Adams rib. Early on in my life, my fathers beliefs were my own.He raised me to be a proper Catholic girl and due to a lack of any sort of alternative,a good Catholic girl I became. The idea was plausible for me at thetime. How else did the Earth and everything it held come into being? Whotaught the leaves to change color in the fall, exhibiting their true beauty onlyjust before their ugly end? How did the mountains reach so high as to piercethe sky with their cloud-stained peaks? Who formed my brain and gave methe ability to reach my mind into the realm of the abstra ct? God seemed theobvious answer, but I would still pose the question of Where did God comefrom? to my father, and as I grew older, I became increasingly dissatisfiedwith his answer He was always there. My sixth sort science class broughtenlightenment. The teacher instructed us to open our books to chapterseven evolution. I had heard of evolution before, but I had never reallyunderstood it or the threat it posed to my fledgling religious beliefs. To saythat the theory of evolution single-handedly brought an end to my love ofall things holy would be a spectacular exaggeration. It merely gave me an ideaaround which the logical half of my mind could wrap itself. In this area, theteachings of my father ha... ...iple. AIP.org. 2005. American Institute of Physics. 4 Dec. 2005. http//www.aip.org/history/heisenberg/p08.htm.Charlesworth, Brian, and Charlesworth, Deborah. Evolution A Very Short Introduction.New York Oxford University Press, 2003.Kansas Schoolboard Redefines Science. CNN St udent News. 8 Nov. 2005. Cable NewsNetwork. 16 Nov. 2005. http//www.cnn.com/2005/EDUCATION/11/08/evolution.debate.ap/index.htmal.Peacocke, Arthur R. Welcoming the Disguised Friend A corroborative TheologicalAppraisal of Biological Evolution. An Evolving Dialogue Theological and ScientificPerspectives on Evolution. Ed. Miller, James B. Harrisburg, PA Trinity Press International,2001. 371398.Stanford, Craig Allen, John S., and Antn, Susan C. Biological Anthropology The innate(p)History of Humankind. Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Education, Inc., 2005.

Jane Eyre and Her Struggles Essay -- essays research papers

Jane Eyre and Her StrugglesJane Eyre is a var.ic English novel which follows the development of a young woman in the mid 1800s. Jane grows to be a smart, self supporting, self-reliant woman. This becomes a compete for her as she was brought up to live in the lower-class. Throughout this novel, Jane tries to show that class and gender should not affect personality. This novel explains Janes struggle against societal expectations of class and of gender.Janes initial struggle begins as she is brought up by her aunt. Jane is living in an upper-class household and is being treated as a person of the lower-class. Jane would be antagonized on a daily basis by the Reed children. As an outcast, Jane realizes at an early age how much class affects the behavior of people in society. Jane would be punished by Mrs. Reed regularly, which may have fueled her rebellious nature. A specific example would be when Jane was sent to the red room by Mrs. Reed as punishment for fighting with her son. Thi s was the room where Mrs. Reeds husband was found dead. This shows that Mrs. Reed had utterly no respect for Jane as an individual as Mrs. Reed knew that Jane believed that the room was haunted. This event also shows that Mrs. Reed does not respect her deceased husband, as she toss the room after he was found.Soon after, Jane decides that she would like to go to school. Mr. Brocklehurst, founder of Lowood School admits Jane to the school. Mrs. Reed then explains to him that Jane is a problematic child. As soon as he leaves the household, Jane verbally attacks Mrs. Reed and has a feeling of accomplishment.Name 2 Janes initial confrontation with Mr. Brocklehurst inside the school leaves her in misery as she i... ...he was teaching the children. Eventually, when St. John attempts to ask Jane for her hand in marriage, she rejects him. He told her that it would only be in business, as he was to become a missionary and valued her to help him. Jane does not believe in that kind of matr imony, so that was why she denied him. St. Johns two sisters, like Jane were very intellectual and love to read. Jane loved having conversations with them, as they were as intellectual as she was. These characters raised Janes expectations of society.This classic English novel focuses on Janes struggle against societal expectations of class and of gender. Jane had some struggles with many characters throughout the novel, and this essay focused on some of the most important characters and the most important instances. Those struggles helped her become a smart, independent woman.

Jane Eyre and Her Struggles Essay -- essays research papers

Jane Eyre and Her StrugglesJane Eyre is a incorrupt English novel which follows the development of a young woman in the mid 1800s. Jane grows to be a smart, self supporting, independent woman. This becomes a struggle for her as she was brought up to live in the lower-class. passim this novel, Jane tries to show that class and gender should not affect personality. This novel explains Janes struggle against societal expectations of class and of gender.Janes initial struggle begins as she is brought up by her aunt. Jane is living in an upper-class household and is being treated as a person of the lower-class. Jane would be antagonized on a daily terms by the reed instrument children. As an outcast, Jane realizes at an early age how much class affects the behavior of people in society. Jane would be punished by Mrs. Reed regularly, which may have fueled her rebellious nature. A specific example would be when Jane was sent to the red way of life by Mrs. Reed as penalization for fight ing with her son. This was the room where Mrs. Reeds husband was found dead. This shows that Mrs. Reed had absolutely no respect for Jane as an individual as Mrs. Reed knew that Jane believed that the room was haunted. This event also shows that Mrs. Reed does not respect her deceased husband, as she abandoned the room after he was found.Soon after, Jane decides that she would like to go to school. Mr. Brocklehurst, expose of Lowood School admits Jane to the school. Mrs. Reed then explains to him that Jane is a problematic child. As soon as he leaves the household, Jane verbally attacks Mrs. Reed and has a feeling of accomplishment.Name 2 Janes initial confrontation with Mr. Brocklehurst inside the school leaves her in misery as she i... ...he was teaching the children. Eventually, when St. John attempts to ask Jane for her hand in marriage, she rejects him. He told her that it would plainly be in business, as he was to become a missionary and wanted her to help him. Jane does no t believe in that kind of matrimony, so that was wherefore she denied him. St. Johns two sisters, like Jane were very intellectual and loved to read. Jane loved having conversations with them, as they were as intellectual as she was. These characters raised Janes expectations of society.This classic English novel focuses on Janes struggle against societal expectations of class and of gender. Jane had many struggles with many characters throughout the novel, and this essay focused on some of the most important characters and the most important instances. Those struggles helped her become a smart, independent woman.

Le Petit Chef Case

Le Petit Chef Case 1) What should Gagne do? Specifically, which projects should she fund and why? How should she handle the executive meeting? A fair assessment of the situation at Le Petit Chef is that there are far as well many projects on the table. This overflow has led to missed deadlines and therefore missed profit. The gap between LPC and other micro-cook manufacturers is closing fast and action is required. Essentially, Le Petit Chef needs a cornerstone development.There are five proposed projects A new intelligent (fuzzy logic) line of zaps, a low-cost version of an existing microwave line, an entirely new low-cost line, a quick heating model, and a larger colliery Liberte. When choosing which projects to fund, Gagne must evaluate them on three basic criteria will this project differentiate one overlap from the next? Will this project spread the r&d team too polished? , and will this project provide a competitive advantage? For the short term, LPC should not attempt to enter the low-cost microwave market.Le Petit Chef is correlated with advanced end, high performance appliances and trying to tackle a low cost market that is dominated by large companies such as Samsung and GE would not be appropriate. Because of this, both projects associated with a low end line should be crossed off Gagnes list. However, perhaps in the future when the company is on more solid footing a low-end line can be attempted. Adding a larger cavity to the Liberte should also be cut because this just adds other component into the mix.Too many components that dont overlap from one product to the next increases total cost and adaptability. Another reason to cut the larger cavity is because it really does nothing major to differentiate the product. Next, LPC should fund the implementation of a Fuzzy Logic microwave line. This would differentiate the product among high-end competitors, not put too much strain on r&d according to a senior design engineer, and promote the high -class label associated with Le Petit Chef. This project is abruptly necessary to undertake.Another project that should be funded is the development of a Liberte-express with a more powerful magnetron. This adds another vital differentiating feature, will be easy to develop, and be absolute relatively quickly (6 months). At the meeting, Gagne simply needs to list the facts to the executives since there shouldnt be too much convincing to do. She needs to present her product choices listed above rationally and stress the need for the company to stay true to its reputation by concentering on high-end appliances.She needs to alert the execs about how thin r&d is spread and she should probably prepare a list of projects that could be easily axed. She needs to stress the importance of allowing r&d to focus on less projects. The primary theme of her presentation should be realigning Le Petit Chef as the frontrunner in the microwave business. She also needs to outline the current financ ial issues and how the proposed projects will affect them. 2) What factors explain Le Petit Chefs poor performance? What actions would you recommend to remedy the situation?Le Petit Chefs poor performance can be largely attributed to the recent influx of competition from abroad. Essentially, the Asian manufacturers such as Samsung and Sharp infiltrated the low-end market which in turn forced European microwave companies to move into the previously Le Petit Chef dominated high end market. One statistic that basically tells the entire story is that the price of the microwave oven had dropped by 10% severally year from 1996 to 2000. In an attempt to ward off competition, LPC spent hefty sums in advertising. This was overkill and caused financial issues.Another key factor was the r&d team be spread so thinly across so many products. Exhibit 9 highlights this by showing the products branching out in an almost imbecilic manner. Quite frankly, LPC needs to reduce its projects. In order to remedy the situation, LPC needs to do a handful of things. First, they need to realize that they cannot compete with the large unknown companies. Therefore, any thoughts of entering the low-cost market should be heavily discouraged. LPC has a niche in the high end market and they need to stick to their guns.By stress on the high end marked, R&D is also not as overextended. Next, LPC needs to differentiate their products from the competition. They need to give the buyer some motivator to fork over more cash for their expensive microwaves. Another thing that LPC should try to do is to make more components that are interchangeable between models in order to lower costs. LPC should also focus on the appearance of their microwaves, because to sell a high-end product it has to appear that way. Essentially, the appearance is the ultimate differentiating factor.

Wolf Motors Success Story

John woman chaser, president of Wolf Motors, had just returned to his office after visiting the companys newfoundly acquired self-propelling dealership. It was the fourth Wolf Motors dealership in a network that served a metropolitan area of 400,000 people. Beyond the metropolitan area, but within a 45-minute drive, were other 500,000 people. Each of the dealerships in the network marketed a different make of automobile and historically had operated autonomously. Wolf was particularly excited about this new dealership beca office it was the first-year auto supermarket in the network.Auto supermarkets differ from traditional auto dealerships in that they sold multiple makes of automobiles at the same location. The new dealership sold a in effect(p) line of Chevrolets, Nissans, and Volkswagens. Starting 15 years ago with the purchase of a bankrupt Dodge dealership, Wolf Motors had grown steadily in size and in reputation. Wolf attributed this advantage to three highly interdepend ent factors. The first was volume. By maintaining a high volume of sales and turning over inventory rapidly, economies of scale leaf could be achieved, which reduced costs and provided customers with a large selection.The second factor was a marketing approach called the hassle-free buying experience. Listed on each automobile was the bingle pricelowest price. Customers came in, browsed, and compared prices without being approached by pushy salespeople. If they had questions or were ready to buy, a walk to a customer service desk produced a knowledgeable sales rep to assist them. Finally, and Wolf thought perhaps most important, was the after-sale service. Wolf Motors had established a solid reputation for servicing, diagnosing, and repairing vehicles correctly and in a timely demeanorthe first time.High-quality service after the sale depended on three essential components. First was the presence of a highly qualified, well-trained staff of service technicians. Second was the use of the latest tools and technologies to support diagnosis and repair activities. And third was the availability of the full range of parts and materials necessary to complete the service and repairs without delay. Wolf invested in instruct and equipment to ensure that the trained personnel and technology were provided. What he worried about, as Wolf Motors grew, was the continued availability of the right parts and materials.This concern caused him to focus on the purchasing process and management of the service parts and materials flows in the supply chain. Wolf thought back on the stories in the newspapers pedigree pages describing the failure of companies that had not planned appropriately for growth. These companies outgrew their existing policies, procedures, and control systems. Lacking a plan to update their systems, the companies experienced myriad problems that led to inefficiencies and an inability to make do effectively.He did not want that to happen to Wolf Motors . Each of the four dealerships purchased its own service parts and materials. Purchases were based on forecasts derived from historical demand data, which accounted for factors such as seasonality. Batteries and alternators had a high failure rate in the winter, and air-conditioner parts were in great demand during the summer. Similarly, coolant was needed in the spring to service air conditioners for the summer months, whereas antifreeze was needed in the fall to winterize automobiles.Forecasts also were adjusted for special vehicle sales and service promotions, which increased the need for materials used to prep new cars and service other cars. One thing that made the purchase of service parts and materials so difficult was the tremendous number of different parts that had to be kept on hand. Some of these parts would be used to service customer automobiles, and others would be sold over the counter. Some had to be purchased from the automobile manufacturers or their certified wh olesalers, and to support, for example, the guaranteed GM parts promotion.Still other parts and materials such as oils, lubricants, and fan belts could be purchased from any number of suppliers. The purchasing department had to remember that the success of the dealership depended on (1) lowering costs to support the hassle-free, one pricelowest price concept and (2) providing the right parts at the right time to support fast, reliable after-sale service. As Wolf thought about the purchasing of parts and materials, two things kept going through his mind the amount of spot available for parts storage and the level of financial resources available to invest in parts and materials.The acquisition of the auto supermarket dealership put an increased neckcloth on both finances and space, with the need to support three different automobile lines at the same facility. Investment dollars were becoming scarce, and space was at a premium. Wolf wondered what could be done in the purchasing are a to address some of these concerns and alleviate some of the pressures. How can supply-chain management concepts help John Wolf reduce investment and space requirements while maintaining adequate service levels?

Community And Social Structure

The idea of lot being well-disposed in nature bottom be understandably illustrated by the groups, or communities that hotshot sees all around them. Groups of individuals share a common perspective of what reality consists of, this is knget as culture(Charon, 1997). This reality is perceived d 1 our interactions with others in the group and by what our position is within that group(Charon, 1997). The way in which we see the world is in a sense limited by some(prenominal) our position and our interactions. In order to actually fill your position in the group you need to have a working set of ideas and concepts to get the personal credit line done(Charon, 1997).This working set of ideas is actually formed by the interactions that you have with other passel who have the same position as you. It works for everyone else, and therefore you raise t just randomly choose another set of concepts and ideas andexpect them to work, so you choose the ideas, concepts, and means that your pe ers use(Charon, 1997). For instance, if you are a Chemist, you obtain knowledge and perspectives consistent of your environment, i. e. chemistry, you would not learn a great deal about molecular biology because those concepts and ideas are not useful to you.We don t have a double-dyed(a) picture of every favorable occasion around usbecause we perceive only the subjects which fit into our social coordinate(Charon, 1997). Reality is not a Velcro Nerf dart toss of facts and ideas, but rather a magnetic selection of those facts and ideas which are conducive to our pre-constructed organize. To one man power and riches are the greatest thing to achieve, but to a bum The oiliest thing is to have a warm placeto sleep (Coleman,1982207). It s unfortunate that these conceptscan be utilized by a dictator to gain control and power for his let ideas and concepts.Hitler was just such a man, he used a social construct known as patriotism, that is, sense of pride and connection with everyone w ithin a society. Hitler rallied people by the droves claiming economic bloom, and prosperity for all if they submit to the organization, and promised death to any that were not within that organization. He kept them thinking the same thoughts, belongings the same beliefs, and striving towards a common cause, and six million Jewish people gave their lives up for not being part of his concept of community.The German people believed in the concepts and ideas because Hitler was going to bring them prosperity once he got rid of those niggardly Jews. When someone is told to electrocute another person to train them to respond with official answers only, they take it as their role to do so without questioning, even if the shock was strong enough to be lethal(Meyers, 1970). Such was the case in a take up done in North Carolina(Meyers, 1970). It illustrates how we are socialized to be an equal member of the community.We do and believe that which is necessary to fulfill our role in the comm unity, and so our perspective is that of our communities. Charon, 1997) In short, we all are socialized into the people we become, and we only associate with people that are socialized in a similar elan as ourselves(Charon, 1997). Those that are similar form a community and teach new members of the community what their status quo is by dint of example and explicit instruction. And this is what makes us social in nature, that we rely on others to justify ourselves, this need for acceptance leads us to alter our perspective to match that of those we wish to be accepted by.The social structure being what it is, there is a situation in which ones community can be very limiting. Take the homeless for example, a homeless person has dun clothes, no address, no phone number, sometimes no identification, and no resources for obtaining these(Coleman, 1982). A homeless person would need a capriole to get the necessary components compulsory to get a job, and so they have restricted life ch ances(Coleman, 1982). The homeless learn this and limit themselves further by believing that their position is the only one they can hold, and have no choice(Coleman, 1982).Community And Social StructureThe idea of people being social in nature can be clearly illustrated by the groups, or communities that one sees all around them. Groups of individuals share a common perspective of what reality consists of, this is known as culture(Charon, 1997). This reality is perceived through our interactions with others in the group and by what our position is within that group(Charon, 1997). The way in which we see the world is in a sense limited by some(prenominal) our position and our interactions. In order to actually fill your position in the group you need to have a working set of ideas and concepts to get the job done(Charon, 1997).This working set of ideas is actually formed by the interactions that you have with other people who have the same position as you. It works for everyone els e, and therefore you can t just randomly choose another set of concepts and ideas andexpect them to work, so you choose the ideas, concepts, and means that your peers use(Charon, 1997). For instance, if you are a Chemist, you obtain knowledge and perspectives consistent of your environment, i. e. chemistry, you would not learn a great deal about molecular biology because those concepts and ideas are not useful to you.We don t have a commit picture of everything around usbecause we perceive only the things which fit into our social structure(Charon, 1997). Reality is not a Velcro Nerf dart toss of facts and ideas, but rather a magnetic selection of those facts and ideas which are conducive to our pre-constructed structure. To one man power and riches are the greatest thing to achieve, but to a bum The oiliest thing is to have a warm placeto sleep (Coleman,1982207). It s unfortunate that these conceptscan be utilized by a dictator to gain control and power for his own ideas and conce pts.Hitler was just such a man, he used a social construct known as patriotism, that is, sense of pride and connection with everyone within a society. Hitler rallied people by the droves claiming economic bloom, and prosperity for all if they submit to the organization, and promised death to any that were not within that organization. He kept them thinking the same thoughts, property the same beliefs, and striving towards a common cause, and six million Jewish people gave their lives up for not being part of his concept of community.The German people believed in the concepts and ideas because Hitler was going to bring them prosperity once he got rid of those niggardly Jews. When someone is told to electrocute another person to train them to respond with haughty answers only, they take it as their role to do so without questioning, even if the shock was strong enough to be lethal(Meyers, 1970). Such was the case in a muse done in North Carolina(Meyers, 1970). It illustrates how we are socialized to be an equal member of the community. We do and believe that which is necessary to fulfill our role in the community, and so our perspective is that of our communities.In short, we all are socialized into the people we become, and we only associate with people that are socialized in a similar flair as ourselves(Charon, 1997). Those that are similar form a community and teach new members of the community what their status quo is through example and explicit instruction. And this is what makes us social in nature, that we rely on others to justify ourselves, this need for acceptance leads us to alter our perspective to match that of those we wish to be accepted by.The social structure being what it is, there is a situation in which ones community can be very limiting. Take the homeless for example, a homeless person has chivvy clothes, no address, no phone number, sometimes no identification, and no resources for obtaining these(Coleman, 1982). A homeless person wou ld need a job to get the necessary components mandatory to get a job, and so they have restricted life chances(Coleman, 1982). The homeless learn this and limit themselves further by believing that their position is the only one they can hold, and have no choice(Coleman, 1982).

My Scarf (Sentimental Value) Essay

Anyone has virtuallything that they would consider as a sen timental value, mine would be a scarf. Yes, a scarf, and this scarf is really special to me. Its not man mount up any other scarf you would see on any shelves in any stores. This one is knitted and handmade by me and my grandmother. We made it together a long time ago when I was just six years old. I was always sneaking up on my grandmother when she would sit in her armchair and knit, I was fascinated of how she made it look so easy. And one day I asked her to teach me how to knit, at first I was really frustrated because no matter how hard I tried I couldnt get it right. My grandmother was laughing and saying to me that no one gets it right the first time and that I needed to be a little more patient and I would get it right. I was watching my grandmother carefully and I was tell every step after her and little by little with my grandmothers guidance I finally learned the basics of knitting.After some time I even learned how to make a couple of rows of stitches in a row. One day my grandmother asked me to help her to knit a scarf and so we sat and we started working on it. After a couple of weeks when the scarf was done, I was so proud of myself because not all the girls my age could knit. So the minute it was done my grandma said that I can have it now, that it is mine now, since I was participating in the making of it. I was overwhelmed when she told me that I can have it now. I would actually sleep wrapped in that scarf, would go outside with it, wrap my dolls in it, everything that could a child be maybe doing with it, Ive done it. And to this day I still have it in my closet and every time I take it out and look at it, it puts a smile on my face, no matter what kind of mood I am in. It always reminds me of my childhood and my kind grandma that taught me how to knit.Bibliography My personal news report

Sanitation Facilities

Sanitation generally refers to the provision of facilities and services for the safe governing body of human urine and faeces. An improved sanitation facility is one that hygienically separates human excreta from human contact. Improved sanitation generally involves physically at hand(predicate) facilities, less waiting time, and safer disposal of excreta. Poor sanitation is responsible for one of the heaviest existing disease burdens worldwide. The diseases associated with poor sanitation and unsafe water account for slightly 10% of the global burden of disease.The most common disease of poor health associated with poor sanitation is a diarrhoeal disease. Globally, about 1. 7 zillion people die every family from diarrhoeal diseases, and 90% are children under 5 eld of age, mostly in growing countries. 88% per centum of cases of diarrhoeal diseases worldwide are attributable to unsafe water, inadequate sanitation, and poor hygiene. In this essay I will analyse the spari ng benefits of sanitation, the economic disadvantages, the subsume among a rise in GDP and the regain to sanitation in regions all over the world including Asia, Africa, Europe and North America.I will do this by analysing entropy set curves which I halt obtained from a various amount of sources much(prenominal) as national journals, reports and articles relating to this subject. I will be victimisation data sets from the UNEP and carrying out multiple regressions. Finally I will be looking at the Environmental Kuznets model to nab whether it applies to this kin between economic growth and the access to sanitation.According to 2010 figures, approximately 2 billion people do not use improved sanitation facilities, two-thirds of which live in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. By looking at Figure 1 we base see that it is in the create regions such as North America and parts of Europe where people have a good access to sanitation, while on the other hand it is the mostly the deve loping regions such as Asia and sub-Saharan Africa with the poor access to sanitation. This figure already makes the relationship between economic development and access to sanitation vaguely clear.The Asian and Afri jackpot regions would be a good vex to have a look at this relationship even more closely this is because over the past few decades, countries in the Asian regions such as China have undergone a huge advance in economic growth while on the other hand in that respect has been little or non-existent economic growth in the African regions. Asia is the worlds fastest growing economic region. China is the largest economy in Asia and the second largest economy in the world.Moreover, Asia is the site of just about of the worlds longest economic booms and by looking at Figure 2 it is evident to see that over the past few decades there has been a salient rise in the GDP of Asia but very little in the GDP of Africa. Now by looking at Figure 3 which is a graph showing the leve l of improved drinking/safe water coverage, improved as in drinking-water sources such as piped water to the house or yard, public taps and rainwater collection. Improved sanitation facilities including flush or pour-flush toilets connected to a piped sewer system.By looking at this we can see that in Asia there has also been a dramatic rise in the access to unpolluted water which is a positive relation to the GDP. I gathered the data which is on Figures 2 and 3 onto excel and carried out a regression analysis for the Asian region to help understand to what extent the strength in the relationship between the dependent variable (GDP) and the independent variable (Sanitation) which is shown on Figure 4. By looking at the R squared we can see that this model has a strong explanatory power as it is very close to 1.According to the coefficient we can also see that every time the GDP increases by $50billion, there is an increase of almost 3. 4 million people with improved access to sanita tion. Poor sanitation results in an economic loss as it is united with the speak tos of treatment to sanitation related diseases and income which is lost through productivity. Furthermore poor sanitation can also lead to a loss of time and effort as a result of poor facilities, lower quality of products due to poor quality of water and of course a dramatically trim down income coming from tourism as there is a great risk of disease.According to various studies from the WHO (World Health Organisation), there has been evidence that there are huge economic costs which arise from the poor sanitation. At a global level there is a loss of around $40billion per year due to poor sanitation looking at South Asia alone we can see that in places such as Indonesia, Vietnam and Cambodia there is a loss of around $10billion a year, the rouge impacts of this came about from poor health and tourism, poor sanitation can affect everyone but especially effects those who are poor(Hutton, 2007). Sev eral studies have also been conducted to pass judgment the economic costs associated with poor sanitation. In Ghana and Pakistan, for example, the indirect effect on child mortality of environmental risk has added more than 40% to the cost of directly caused child mortality. If one took into account the effect of such malnutrition, they will be able to see the huge impact on impairing school exploit and delayed entry into the labour market, the cost would double to around 10% of the GDP.Improvement to sanitation can bring various types of benefits to an economy, one of which are the direct benefits of preventing or avoiding illnesses as there would be no money spent on healthcare treating patients with diseases due to sanitation. There will also be indirect benefits such as a decrease in the amount of work days absent being sick and longer life, and finally and very importantly there will be a lot of time saved. As we have seen already, sanitation is also important when it comes t o economic development.In Africa many young women are end every year as they are the ones which carry the polluted water, they are also then forced to drop out of education during puberty years in order to look after their sick children as a result of the polluted water, this means that women are not able to be improve and they can even find it difficult to join the labour supply. Every 10% raise in female literacy (due to increased attendance at school) a nations economy can grow by around 0.3% (Dollar et al, 1999). According to Hutton (2008) there could be an estimated that annual investments of around $27million in Tanzania and Vietnam would result in benefits of around $70million for the health sector alone. Hutton also estimated that there is a potential to save around $6billion in many parts of Asia if improved sanitation can be introduced. Overall Hutton stated that there are many costs and benefits available however the benefits s bank do overpower the costs.Moreover, the Disease Control Priorities visualise recently found that hygiene promotion to prevent diarrhoea was the most cost-effective health intervention in the world at only $3. 35 per DALY loss averted, with sanitation promotion following closely behind at just $11. 15 per DALY loss averted. This is to say that economic growth and sanitation for authorized have a strong relationship within one another this can be shown on the environmental Kuznets curve.The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) is a relationship between income and defilement which is hypothesized to have an inverted U-shape. The idea of an inverted U-shaped Kuznets curve stems from the Kuznets work in income equality (Kuznets, 1955). The EKC hypothesis states that as income increases taint goes up initially but after certain time pollution eventually declines. The point at which pollution level is the highest is called a turning point. This then evidently applies to developing countries as they are the ones which have the hi gher levels of income.Looking at Figure 5 we can see that in Europe up to the year 2000 water pollution was on a rise, however sometime in the year 2000 there was a turning point where the pollution of water started to decline. According to the Kuznets curve, in the year 2000 the economies within Europe produced a certain GDP and a certain GDP per capita which led to the decline of the water pollution. According to Figure 6 in the year 2000 the turning point on the Kuznets curve was at $18000 per capita, this is the level of GDP per capita needed in the European region in order to transposition the trend of water pollution.Looking back at Figure 5 we can also see that in the North American region up till 1998 there was an increase of water pollution however sometime in 1998, just like in Europe, peoples incomes were growing and GDP per capita was on a rise. Looking at Figure 6, according to the EKC, GDP per capita in North America will be at $36000 which is where there will be a tu rning point. Both the EKCs for Europe and for North America are shown on Figure 7. This analysis clearly tells us that the relationship between the two is dependable on the economic stages of development.In the other regions around the world there will not be a turning point on the EKC as people do not earn enough to have this effect, good sanitation facilities are the main way in which water pollution can decrease, more developed economies around the world have the funds to invest in good sanitation, however as we have discussed, the less developed countries do not have access to these sanitation facilities therefore their economies are heavily impacted and the funds for the technology needed to provide improved sanitation are hard to come by, therefore these countries are on the upwards slope of the EKCmeaning they have not yet achieved the GDP per capita in order to have a turning point. I have aimed to show the various ways in which sanitation is fundamental to good health and a lso economic development. abandoned the data I have analysed, I can surely state that the investment in improved sanitation would be beneficial to an economy. Ultimately, I can say that there is a strong relationship in economic growth and access to sanitation and I can also say that the EKC does grant to the water pollution we have in the real world. Finally I can also say that the level of the turning point also depends on the stages of economic development.

Ethical Dilemma in Glengarry Glen Ross (1992)

Nietzsches claim that God is dead arouses interesting questions not that on what or who killed God but also on how human society, devoid of the long-held comfort of the polarity of ethical and moral grounds, would formulate judge workforcets of what is real, good, or fine-looking in their animateds and in the world. The moral and ethical contradiction of a world where Truth does not exist is shown in the movie Glengarry Glen Rose which is an exploration of the motivations and impulse of individuals in a society where the duality good and evil have ceased to become the standards. Arguably, the film portrays the ethical dilemma in a postmodern world, notably posed by Nietzsche, who observed that the demise of the notion of absolute Truth is a double-edged sword for society. This is because the lack of clearcut and oecumenically held c at a timepts of what is right or wrong, while at first seems to connote freedom, ultimately leaves a void that leads to human despair and nihilist ic feelings.Adapted for the big screen from a play written by the movies director David Mamet (1992), Glengarry Glen Ross follows two days in the lives of four real estate performers who face a bleak future if they do not close a deal soon. These characters, played by a veteran and brilliant cast which includes Al Pacino (Ricky Roma), Jack Lemmon (Shelley Levene), Ed Harris (Dave Moss), and Alan Arkin (George Aaronow), are told point light by company representative Blake (Alec Baldwin) that the company will fire every salesman except for the top two within one week. The agents, desperate to retain their jobs and cut through to earn a living, commit actions that raise questions and at the same time comments on how far human beings in todays society would go to preserve themselves and attain their materialistic dreams. In a couple of days, the characters become involved in a series of events that show how human culture has tremendously suffered from the lack of ethical and moral c onsiderations.Apart from capturing the apparent decay in human culture, the film is particularly concerned ab pop out the motives and assumptions that drive each sales agents actions and how these motives often result in clashing interests. This is evident in how the themes of truth, status, and identity are tackled based on the feelings, thoughts, and actions of the characters in the film. For instance, Blakes character as a ruthless and unfeeling company representative is clearly intended to parody the attitude of big business when it comes to ensuring a healthy bottom line, which is clearly against the interest of its workers.On the other hand, these workersor salespeopleare depicted as similar to Blake himself in terms of cruelty and lack of humanity. Ricky Roma, for instance, is ulterior shown to be a stony soul who takes advantage of the weaknesses of others to advance his objectives. Shelley Levene likewise resorts to thievery in order to close a sale and exact vengeance o n his perceived enemies. In the end, Blakes character with its apparent inhumanity becomes less despicable as the frailties and weaknesses of other characters are exposed. Ironically, the audience is led to feel pity for such human weakness instead of being led to feel righteous. This is because the film attempts to evoke empathy in its viewers for characters who are, alas, as human as the viewers are and whose justifications for wrongdoing resonate with the audience.Arguably, the narrative of the movie itself is a statement against the ethicsor the lack of itof the four real estate agents. In this sense, Glengarry Glen Ross delivers a stinging critical review of how societys sense of ethics and even the sense of morality have been replaced by materialistic desires. The story of the four salesmen, desperate and immoral, mirrors the realities faced by individuals in their quest for personal success and a higher social status and how this quest, ironically, often results to the furt her debasement of the humanity in the individual.The film, in fact, is unspoilt of such play at irony that depicts how peoples worth are not judged by society based on how good they live their lives but on the number of material things they possess. In this social order, humans are segregated by their class, ethnic identity, and gender which determine their ability or their eligibility for access to basic and higher needs. The films narrative itself, which revolves around real estate agents trying to sell dirt in its figurative and actual meaning, alludes to the way in which humans are not anymore concerned with telling the truth or with earning a living through honest shipway or at least, without causing the ruin of others. Apparently, todays world has gone beyond being immoral or corrupted to being amoral or lacking in moral standards itself.Thus, the ethical dilemma raised by the film reflects Nietzsches argument on the death of God, referring to the demise of societys dualist notion of good or evil. With this death, everything that humans have come to believe in becomes subject to doubt as truth falters in its absolute lactate on consciousness. In this society, even the realities of human experiencethe entire spectrum of feelings and thoughtscan be questioned and examined for their validity. Human acts are so defined not by their harmony with accepted norms or intrinsic values but by the circumstance surrounding them. This circumstance, in turn, becomes the standard by which an act becomes socially acceptable.In Glengarry Glen Ross, the death of universal values and norms for what is good or evil meant that ethical considerations were dispensable and were useful only when the need arises. Ricky Romas character, for instance, engages in a monologuewhich is later revealed to be a sales pitchthat shows how society and individuals have suspended all forms of judgement in favor of individuality. Accordingly, Romas speech, which deals with stealing, cheati ng, and even pedophilia in a nonchalant manner, is a tell-tale sign of the central argument made in the film that the death of absolute Truth has entailed the death of things once cherished by humans such as the design of love and goodness.According to Nietzsche, this has created a void in individuals who felt lost without the ethical values and concept of morality that served to anchor their lives. Instead, these ethical ideals such as Truth, were replaced by the notion that there was a multiplicity of truth depending on how these benefitted society or the individual. Ultimately, however, Nietzsche points out that this loss of a sense of ethics and morality also leads, for many individuals, to lose their sense of meaning and to despair. Thus, loneliness and desperation is pervasive in Glengarry Glen Ross for how could men engaged in crafting lies to their fellow humans in order to earn a living be able to live truly meaningful lives?It is therefore in portraying the ruthless and c allous ways with which human beings act in a system dominated by materialistic notions of success and happiness, that Glengarry Glen Ross succeeds at brutally dissecting individual motivations and actions based on Nietzsches philosophy. Consequently, the film is able to provoke retrospection on what has become a reality for many individuals in a materialistic society, and to evoke the decision of whether this is a reality that is worth maintaining for the long term or one that needs to be transformed and changed to defend the meaning of human life.Work CitedGlengarry Glen Ross. Dir. David Mamet. Perf. Jack Lemmon, Al Pacino, Ed Harris, Alec Baldwin, Alan Arkin, and Kevin Spacey. New Line Cinema, 1992.

A clockwork orange: chapter One Essay

One gets an initial impression of Alex and his friends from the first page Alex says, There was me and my three droogs. Immediately this suggests that he and his friends are close, like a gang, and this leads on to the idea of conflict. The closeness of Alex and his friends is elaborated upon through let out the chapter. He frequently uses the phrase The four of us and, when speaking to Pete, Georgie and Dim, he says, Oh my brothers. Their close camaraderie is summed up on page six, where Alex sees it as being usually sensation for all and all for one.Then he begins to describe three devotchkas, whom one presumes to be members of a rival gang (the lector is told that Alex and his friends are malchicks). There is no brevity in Alexs description, and he goes into circumstance when describing the clothes and substantiate-up. It is likely here that Alex has a certain respect for these gang members, indicated by his lengthy description of their bright uniforms, and by the fact that h e speculates on the large cost of these uniforms. But there is in addition a clear element of mockery. This is especially apparent in the sentence These were supposed to be, with an violence on the word suppose. He is putting the credulity of the gang into doubt, debunking their claims. This is quite childish in some respects, and reminds the reader of his tender age. Alex and his droogs similarly wear uniforms, and Burgess describes them in a way that makes them unique to those four by telling the reader what design each of the four had for their jelly contrive, he is putting them apart from the suspire of the world, giving them a uniqueness and style that no one else possesses. The uniforms are also a barrier amongst them and the rest of the world.This is also true of the maskies that the four often wear. As well as the more practical use of hiding their face from recognition, the masks separate the boys from the rest of society, making them stand out, and perhaps feel supe rior. Also, the outrageous costumes, to choose a better word, are a clear symbol of rebellion. It is ironic, therefore, that the boys wear them, as uniforms adopt always been associated with conformity. The language of the boys is the most successful at suggesting conflict with the outside. To begin with, the words are very harsh.Hard sounds, especially obvious with the many Ks, make the words infinitely more savage. The language utilise to describe other people is degrading old women are ptitsas and men are vecks. The boys do non use this language when speaking to people who are not involved in gang warfare. To the man coming out of the library, Alex is polite and uses mostly understandable language. It is obviously because he is mocking the man, but it is also possibly because he would not understand (since it seems that he speaks normally). So this is their language, something they use to each other.This is a straightforward exercising of their conflict with the outside. Bu t the language not only acts as a barrier between the four boys and the older members of society it also acts as a barrier between the boys and the readers. For anyone starting the book for the first time, the words used are baffling, and it takes a lot of getting used to. What is more, Alex feels the motivating to explain what some of the words mean a rooker (a hand, that is). It is at this point that the readers become, in effect, a part of the society that Alex is rebelling against. We are on the outside.Finally, the language is used in such an extraordinary way, that it alienates us even further. It is in some instances quite chilling. Words like poogly are very childish the best example is appy polly loggies, which is some corrupted baby version of the word apologies. It contrasts the stark violence of the book, giving it an even more savage tone. It is a strange mixture for Alex to use, reminding the reader that he is young. Plus, not only does it make the reader aware of th e conflict Alex has with society, but also the deep struggle that is going on in Alexs mind. 1.What impressions are we given of the society and the environment presented in chapter one? Use examples. (10 marks) The first impression one gets when denotation about Alexs world is what an perfectly seedy place it must be. The Korova Milkbar sounds very entertaining but rather run down, and one is informed that it is one of many mestos. Obviously it sells milk, but reading further on, one is told that this milk is plus something else, that something else being hallucinogenic drugs of some sort. It is then that one gets an idea of the depravity of the society in which Alex lives.Alex then mentions what he and his friends do to obtain money either they can beat someone up in an alley and empty his pockets, or they can do the radical violent on an elderly woman in a shop and steal the money from the till. One realises that, fairly obviously, something has gone wrong with the world in Alex s time. Various violent and criminal topics follow, such as gang warfare and the description of a drug-induced high. It paints a morbid picture of a world in which violence reigns supreme, where there are no rules any more and society has disintegrated.This is backed up by the fact that any tolerant of law enforcement is not mentioned until later in the chapter. These millicents are obviously not important and Alex and his friends can easily outsmart them. So, in effect, there is no law enforcement. Early on, the only indication that some sort of legal system exists is the fact that mestos were not licensed to sell liquor (which does not seem to level them any way). Another aspect of society that is not missing, but seems unpopular, is that of literature.Alex reports that newspapers are not read much whether this is because of illiteracy or just lack of interest, one is unsure. The Public Biblio, which is the derelict-sounding municipal library, was something that not many lewdi es used those days. Again, the reason why is not clear. Owing to the other past-times of the day, namely ultra-violent criminal activities, it is likely that secret code is interested in literature any more. This certainly fits in with the way in which Alex and his friends persecute a man just because they saw him coming out of the library with books in his hand.However, there are references to institutions that seem very active in the Alexs world. The first is the health service. A rozz informs the gang that there micturate been two hospitalizations. The fact that the hospitals in Alexs world are busy is blatantly obvious, due to the height of criminal activity. One is unsure of how efficient these hospitals are. In a State-run society such as this, one would imagine they were very inefficient indeed. The other institution that is still up and running is school.Alex himself tells us that he must go to school the following morning, and we later learn that this is a corrective scho ol. Overall, the world in Alexs day seems extremely bleak. Wherever Alex is, it is clear a police state, where individual rights and freedoms do not stand for much. The older, and in some ways, unnecessary institutions, such as the library system and newspapers, seem to fork out lost appeal completely, presumably replaced by worldcasts and Milkbars. It does not sound like somewhere anybody would actually want to live.

Persists in central Africans Essay

The textual matter notes that an alternate allele of the hemoglobin gene can cause sickle-cell anemia when a person is homozygous for this allele, but that a person who is heterozygous for the allele actually can derive a turn a profit from itprotection from malaria. In the United States, 8 percent of African Americans argon carriers for the sickle-cell allele, while in telephone exchange Africa the figure is 20 percent. What could account for this difference? Assess. AnswerThe difference could be accounted for by the prevalence of malaria unsoundness in primeval Africa. Heterozygous carriers of the disease are resistant to malaria. Furthermore, there is a at leasr a 25% chance that the heterozygous trait is passed on to the next generation. Malaria is more prevalent in central Africa than in America. African Americans are not as exposed to malaria as central Africans are. Therefore, the sickle-cell trait is existence faced out gradually in African Americans.Central Africans on the other hand are continually exposed to the disease. The trait therefore persists in their genome. More malaria resistant individuals are born. Unfortunately, they are heterozygous carriers of the sickle-cell trait. When two heterozygous individuals produce offsprings, there is a 25% chance that a one of them is a homozygous for sickle-cell disease. Therefore, the trait persists in central Africans.

The Impact of Globalization and the Internet Presents Real

The topic of globalisation has become a hotly contested debate over the past two decades. Indeed, the increased integration of international economies have led to be to some and benefits to others. These costs and benefits are a result of three effects of globalization, that is, expanded markets, cheaper resources or a combination of the two. Firstly, from the business perspective, one effect of globalization is that of expanded markets. This means that a business that had antecedently only sold its goods domestically can start selling products to other countries and this can increase their make headway potential.Secondly, another consequence of bilateral trade agreements is the access code to cheaper resources. Until the start of the 1990s, the Peoples Republic of China was largely unlikable off to the rest of the world. Many companies in the United States produced their goods either domestically or in areas with jolly less expensive labor. When China opened its market to the rest of the world, however, American companies were able to take prefer of the far cheaper labor.This is known as outsourcing. Cheaper labor contributes to cheaper costs, which in turn contributes to larger profits. Sometimes, but not always, this whitethorn also mean cheaper products and services. Finally, International development, as a consequence of globalization, arises out of a combination of two expanded markets as fountainhead as cheaper resources. A prime example of this is India. Before the late 90s, the study technology sector in India was largely in its infancy stage.However, coupled with an educated yet chinchy workforce, foreign companies were able to start subsidiaries of high tech activities in cities like Bangalore. This technological know-how spread to local anaesthetic firms, who in turn grew as a result of expanded markets both in India as well as the rest of the world. More and more organizations are getting hooked into the profits. They use the Internet to leaven and sell their products and services, provide customer support, deliver training, and share corporate information with clients, employees, and customers.Businesses have found that the Internet is a powerful tool to help keep their employees and customers connected. In Vietnam, many organizations know to take advantages of globalization and earnings to manage their operations. However, to survive in a competitive environment, they must understand in learning the strategic planning with the support of two above factors. Strategic planning is an organizations ferment of defining its strategy , or focusing, and making decision on allocating its resources to pursue this strategy.In order to determine the direction of the organization, it is necessary to understand its current position and the possible avenues through which it can pursue a fussy course of action. Generally, strategic planning deals with at least one of three key questions 1. What do we do? 2. For whom do we do it? 3. How do we excel? With the aid of Internet, firms can use high technology to access the external situation analysis, supplier markets and labor markets. In addition, they can easily find the database of competitors on the internet to design the attractive insurance and prices for their own companies.References list Wheelen, T. L. , & Hunger, J. D. (2012). Concepts in strategic management and business policy (13th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall. Myatt, M. (2011). The impact of globalization on business. Retrieved from http//www. n2growth. com/blog/the-impact-of-globalization-on-business/ Green , J. (2011). How Does globalisation Affect an Organizations Business Approach? Retrieved from http//smallbusiness. chron. com/globalization-affect-organizations-business-approach-20077. html

Life as We Knew It Essay

Have you ever imagined the humanness is coming to the end tomorrow? What if the largest asteroid ever hits the moon, knocking it tabu of orbit, creating worldwide disasters? Tidal waves annul numerous coastal cities, killing millions of people, and the dead list gets wanter and longer every day. Gas climbs up to $5 per g tout ensembleon, then $7, and pretty soon, it costs $35 for terzetto gallons, and you can only buy three gallons at a time. Thats what happened to Mirandas life, the main character in the fictional book, Life as we knew it.The story is expressed through journal entries, revealing her thought about her labour for survival and how her family gets over the misfortune together. To Miranda, the unexpected asteroid can only mean an excuse for teachers giving out to a greater extent homework. More homework on top of her best friends scraping, her dads newly pregnant wife, and the fight with her mother whether or not she can return to ice skating after a well(p) inj ury. With all those problems going through her mind, Miranda goes outside with her family to watch the asteroid hit the moon.Thunderstorms knock out the electricity in Mirandas school. None of it seems real for Miranda, even when her mother sends her and her brother to a grocery stock to buy all the canned soup, vegetable, aspirin, vitamins, as much as they possibly can. The store al well-nigh runs out of food by the time they get there. Everything goes crazy, they can purchase a fulfill cart, no amour how much they get, for only $50. Throughout the incredibly freezing winter caused by continuous volcanic eruptions all over America, Miranda tries to live life as normally as possible.She goes to the pond for ice skating as long as she can breathe. She visits her friends, even though they are not the same people as they were before the disaster. Some her neighbors and her friends, including her dads new family, are heading South with a glimpse of anticipate for better living condi tions, while her family resists staying at their homeland, hoping everything will get better tomorrow. The question is, how long can Miranda and her family survive with minimal water, a nearly used-up food supply, no heat or electricity, and below-zero temperatures?When so many people are giving up hope, starving to death, dying of diseases with no cure, Miranda is still clinging to the hope of normality. She still wants to date with Dan, her swimming teammate, and she fights with her mother about the unequal diet between her and the two brothers. During the most difficult time of the disaster, Mirandas best qualities come to light. Her determination serve ups her family survive through the deadly flu, which has killed hundreds of people. organism the only in the family who resists the attack of the deadly flu, Miranda is taking good care of her mother and two brothers without help from anyone else.Even though she always fights with her mother, she never gives up on loving her. Mir anda might not go how long this will last, or whether they will survive through this miserable time, but she does know that by working together they stand a chance. This is an interesting and meaningful story about the severe fight for survival and hope. It really makes you think about what would happen to you in this situation. Because its written in Mirandas diary, its easy to follow along and the words are quite easy to understand.

Life Cycle Costing Essay

breeding bi roll embodying involves evaluating the be related to ownership, operation, maintenance and disposal of project facilities. BusinessDictionary. com (2010) defines look calendar method of birth control cost as the Sum of all recurring and one- clipping (non-recurring) cost over the rise life sentence span or a specified period of a good, serving, structure, or system. It includes purchase price, installation cost, operating costs, maintenance and upgrade costs, and rest (residual or salvage) value at the end of ownership or its useful life.Non-recurring costs include procurement, carrying into action and acceptance, initial training, documentation, facilities, transition from the suppliers, changes to pedigree functioninges and the withdrawal from service and disposal. The recurring costs include retraining, operating costs, service charges, contract and supplier concern costs, changing volumes, cost of changes, tweaktime, maintenance and repair, transport an d handling (Sieglinde, 2009). The life vibration gibes argon used to assess the processes of convergenceion, manufacturing, dissemination and the disposal of the end and by- fruits.It also includes the transportation of the products from the manufacturer to the consumers. The results of life cycle be atomic number 18 used to make decisions about the best options to adopt when producing unalike products. The tool is more(prenominal) accurate as the project begins and the accuracy reduces as the project proceeds in the future. Life cycle costing is important because it taxs the total costs of ownership. It also provides a guideline as to the most(prenominal) efficient processes of acquisition and support funding to a project (Sieglinde, 2009).The unhomogeneous approaches to life cycle accountancyLife cycle accounting looks at the entire value chain of a product on cost basis. The technique does not evaluate the production process but also looks into the costs associated wi th the seek and emergenceal phases of the product from the beginning to the end. Life cycle accounting evaluates the cost of a product in advance it enters the production process until it is finally transported to the customers. However, life cycle costing is not applic sufficient to financial describe since it is not consistent with the generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP).From a planning point of view, life cycle accounting is the best tool for managers. Product managers use the tools of life cycle costing through and through and throughout the product life cycle. Costs are calculated from the point of entry of the products up to the point where no more products are make. The total costs of production are then divided by the number of units produced to get hold the unit costs. The managers are able to get the actual costs of a product produced, thus, they can determine and design the products according to the prevailing conditions. Life cycle costing is applicable when the product is being knowing or in the pre-design stages.The management cannot obtain the actual life-cycle costs when the products are already in the commercialise (Bradford, 2008). The methodology of life cycle costing is based on the idea that the purchasing decisions are made through evaluation of all available options. All expenditures related to a decision are addressed. The complexness of the life cycle costing is determined by how complex the goods and services produced by the organization are. The inherent concepts applicable in life cycle costing are cost breakdown structure, cost estimating, discounting and ostentation (Mearig, Coffee & Morgan, 1999).Cost breakdown structures vary depending on the complexity of the purchasing decisions. All cost elements which are relevant to the purchasing decisions are bowl overed. Boundaries are determined to avoid omission or duplication of few elements. All cost elements relevant to the purchasing options are considered. All cost elements are well delimit so that all muckle involved can understand the components used. The costs should be broken down to analyze the specific areas (Ehlen1, 1997). Cost estimating involves calculating the costs of each category.This can be determined through the known factors or rates, cost estimating relationships and expert opinion. The known rates are the inputs with known accuracy. For example, if the cost and mensuration of production per unit are known, the cost of procurement can be estimated. Cost estimating relationships are generated from historic info. Expert opinion is used to support the data when real data cannot be obtained. Assumptions are include in the expert opinion as well as rationale to support the opinions provided in the data (Sieglinde, 2009). The process of discounting compares the costs and benefits occurring in different periods of time.The concept of discounting is based on time value of money, that is, people prefer receiving goods pur chased now than later. Time preference for money causes people to request for supplies immediately after purchasing rather than delaying. All the future costs must be adjusted to their present costs when evaluating the time of receiving purchases ordered. The discount rates differ with the organization. Common discount rates should be applied throughout the diligence to avoid bias. Inflation causes the prices of products to fluctuate and should be considered when evaluating the actual life cycle cost of a product (Sieglinde, 2009).Life cycle costing is important because it helps evaluate the competing options when purchasing products. Decisions to enter into contracts by the management are made by the use of the tools of life cycle costing. The management evaluates the various proposals about the best options to adopt. another(prenominal) importance of the life cycle costing is that it improves awareness about the total costs of production. The management is able to understand the factors that cause costs as well as the resources to be used when purchasing products. The cost drivers enable the management identify the most effective strategies of purchasing products.The knowledge about the cost drivers helps the management identify the most beneficial areas of production to guarantee investing the resources of the organization (Ehlen1, 1997). The third benefit of life cycle costing is the improved accuracy in forecasting the cost profiles. The managers can estimate the full costs associated with procurement of certain products. Decision making about the major investments is easily made through the life cycle costing. The forecasting of future expenditures is accurately done with the use of the tools.Lastly, the management can be able to trade-off performance against cost by the use of life cycle tools. When purchasing, cost is not the only factor to consider. The management must consider the performance of the items being purchased. The decision makers must co nsider both the costs and performance of the items being purchased by the organization (Mearig, Coffee & Morgan, 1999). Life cycle costing helps to assess better the effectiveness of planning by comparing actual with budgeted life cycle costs as well as the distribution of those costs. The management is able to determine the deviations in performance of different departments.It also enhances the management to make better pricing decisions since all the costs attached to a event product are evaluated. The tools of life cycle costing help improve the assessment of product profitability. The costs are compared with the actual summations obtained from the production process. The costing strategies provide information about the revenues and costs associated with a feature unit of a product. It also helps in the design of more environmentally desirable products (Sieglinde, 2009).Identify how environmental issues may be conflated into life cycle costing methodsThe process of life cycle costing evaluates and investigates the environmental impacts of products that are caused by their existence. The life cycle assessment compares the environmental and social impacts that can be assigned to products and services. The products with the least burden are chosen for production. The life cycle methods are used to evaluate the effects of technology on the production of goods and services. The methods of life cycle costing also provide with tools for evaluating the beat the effects of technologies on the delivery of products. The process of manufacturing the products has some impacts on the environment.The life cycle costing evaluates the amount of wastes released to the environment at a given period of time. The ISO 14000 provides standards for environmental management. Life cycle assessment is contained in the ISO 140402006 and 140442006. There are four main phases of life cycle assessment. The first step involves specification and preparation of the goals and scope of the study (Ehlen1, 1997). The life cycle costing procedures help the management integrate the environmental factors to the activities of the organization. The development of products requires the exploitation of raw materials.The process of converting the raw materials to more useful products creates some impacts to the environment. The management must be aware of the various environmental impacts of the products being produced by the organization. There are various lobby groups which bow the strategies to be adopted by the organizations. Contravening to the rules of the environmental groups may bring conflicts which may lead to the closure of the business (Mearig, Coffee & Morgan, 1999). There are laws established by various authoritiess concerning the manufacture, distribution and disposal of products.The government controls the distribution of products to warrant all people obtain goods and services. To discourage concentration of businesses in one region the government has es tablished polices to attract investment in the remote regions. The life cycle costing determines the distribution transmit to be used by the organization. The cheapest mode of distribution should be chosen even though various factors will have to be considered. The suppliers to be involved in the distribution should be reliable to ensure timely delivery of products and to provide with quality products.The business environment is composed of various participants and the organization should integrate all factors to ensure the interests of all the people touched by the activities of the organization are adhered to (Sieglinde, 2009). The process of manufacturing process involves the conversion of the raw materials to the final products for the resale to the consumers. The management should ensure the process does not pollute the environment. Emission of harmful end-products should be controlled to ensure the organization does not contravene to environmental standards.Various standards have been created to ensure that congruous components are used in the manufacturing process (Mearig, Coffee & Morgan, 1999). The consumers are the end users of the products and their interests should be considered. The life cycle of the product should consider the health standards of the products being produced. The manufacturing process should be done in a bracing environment to avoid contamination of the products with substances which may affect the consumers. The government has established standards to control and protect the consumers against unscrupulous business people (Ehlen1, 1997).The employees manufacturing the products should be protected from harmful substance. A conducive environment should be created for employees to body of work in. To ensure the safety of the employees the organization should ensure the employees are protected from all hazards. The image of the company is affected by the environment in which the employees work in. Fifth, life cycle cost analysis is argued to facilitate an taste of the environmental impact of products from development through manufacture, distribution, customer use, disposal and potential recycling (Mearig, Coffee & Morgan, 1999).

Pearson Custom Business Resources Essay

hybridizing is global brand whose market edge is ideal. The supermarket chain is revered across the world. It is keeping this in mind that such a brand should always seek to buzz off and produce this success key aspect would be to ensure that all their potential customers argon reached wherever they be in the globe. One of the ways to ensure this is achieved would be the indulgence of information systems or information technology. crossover prides itself in provision of quality products at convenient prices. (Caneja, n.p.) attach to overviewCarrefour is known to be among the leading supermarket gyves in the globe. The supermarket chain is believed to have emanated from France. They have about eleven thousand outlets across the globe these outlets make about both zillion customers worldwide. This business ope place under a number of banners there are supermarkets, hypermarkets as tumesce as some stores that operate as cash and carry outlets. (Caneja, n.p.)Products offered b y Carrefour Company and its target marketCarrefour is a business that thrives mostly on the sale of consumer products. The items are the car park ones used from day to day within households. Products by this outlet are set at prices that are within the range of the common citizen. At times they also offer their goods at good discounted rates which is a welcome relief to many. Carrefour targets the emerging markets that are found within Asia as well as the Latin American region. (Caneja, n.p.)The deuce regions offer a prudent growth and untapped vault of heaven where the large populations favor the retail business set up. Asia offers an exposure to about almost one and a half billion people cumulatively while Latin America offers almost half a billion. Such untapped areas are worth the consideration for expansion but for now they seem to be working on consolidating their existing market share before venturing out to these areas. (Caneja, n.p.)Marketing planCarrefour is working on i mproving their information systems and the corresponding infrastructure. Employees especially those who are coming into contact with the customers right off seem to be the probable individuals to kick off the exercise. Improving and polishing up customer dealings is another aspect that has to be worked on. Systems would have to be set out that favor the real-time and unremitting communication between employees and portion outment when it comes to service delivery to customers. (Salmons, p.125)Technology is also employed when it comes to the monitoring of operations that go around the firm. For effective service delivery their systems around the globe would have to be re-evaluated with the sole enjoyment of phasing out redundant ones to be replaced by functional technology. Example of Bluetooth beacons which may be set up on shopping carts is one way this would help them in making out shopping tendencies of customers. (Swedberg, p.17)The info collected would be of use when crea ting future day business strategies.Milestones achieved by CarrefourIn 2014 Carrefour did manage mail revenue parades of about one and two billion dollars with net profit of about two billion dollars. The total asset base rose to about sixty one billion dollars. besides revenues decreased by about five percent but profitability rose by impede to six percent. Around the same period the retail chain had about ten thousand two hundred stores globally. This number cuts across various types of stores about four types. (Fortune, n.p.)The financial planCarrefour would have to post about fifteen billion dollars in sales monthly in order to post about one hundred and eighty billion dollars as overall collection. Such revenue collection would translate into about a net profit margin of about two and half billion dollars this would eventually be a step past the grey area they were in 2014. (Salmons, 127)For this to be achieved ICT exercise and diversification within the firm would have t o be enhanced. Customer relations management and well deliberate expansion regime is crucial. Personnel would have to be trained and drilled in line with the future aspiration of the company. (Salmons, p.137)ReferencesBIBLIOGRAPHY Caneja, Ana-Diaz. Pearson Custom Business Resources. London Pearson Plc , 2011.Salmons, Janet. Global e-business and collaboration. Salmons, Janet. Handbook of Research on Electronic quislingism and Organizational Synergy. Hershey, Pennsylvania IGI Global , 2012. 122-142.Swedberg, Claire. Carrefour To Use Bluetooth Beacons to Track Carts, Baskets . RFID Journal (2014) 17-18.Fortune,. Global 500. N.p., 2015. Web. 27 Jan. 2015.Source document

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